Therefore, the over-expression of HBZ is implicated on the development of malignancy in the late stages of cell transformation in HTLV-1-infected cells. HBZ as regulatory protein through inhibition of Tax can help to evade host immune responses. These regulatory proteins have a close interaction through mutual transcriptional regulation interference in the infected T cells. The increasing amount of PVL results in more expressions of viral genes, such as Tax and HTLV-1 bZIP factor ( HBZ). The HTLV-1 activity and infectivity in asymptomatic carriers and HTLV-1 associated diseases is quantified by the number of infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which expressed as the proviral load (PVL). Furthermore, HTLV-1- associated diseases have been reported from some other provinces such as Alborz, Tehran and Fars. In Iran, at least in four provinces, including Razavi Khorasan, Northern Khorasan, Golestan and East Azarbaijan HTLV-1 is endemic. The HTLV-1 endemic areas include, Southwestern Japan, the Caribbean basin, Central Africa, the Melanesian Islands, South America and the Middle East. Although, after a long period of time, a small percentage (3–5%) of infected individuals will progress to HTLV-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) or Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL), the large number of infected carriers remains asymptomatic. We can also create custom city prints for your desired location - Anywhere in the world with your chosen colour scheme! Send me a message for this request.The human lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a member of the Retroviridea family, which infects about 10–20 million people in the world. This ensures no creases or bends during transit. We ship smaller prints (up to A4) in flat hardbacked envelopes to ensure safe delivery.įor larger items we send these in a well secured mailing tube, rolled up.
For international orders, allow at least 5-10 working days for arrival once shipped. For mainland UK, expect 2 days for arrival once shipped. We print on demand to order - so allow 3 working days for prints to be ready and shipped. We have made and sold thousands of maps and prints globally and are sold in a number of brick and mortar stores.Īs true perfectionists at heart - we hand check each print for quality and ensure you get a great quality product. Mapply are an Edinburgh based duo designing, producing and printing high quality art prints. This product can be shipped worldwide via Royal Mail or courier. Please specify when ordering if you require text that is different from the text shown on the product images.Īll prints are supplied unframed and safely packaged.
MASHHAD ZIP CODE PLUS
Prints are available in common frame sizes as well as standard A sizes from A5 (smallest) up to A0 (largest), plus common sizes such as 30x40cm and 50x70cm.Ĭustomisation of up to three lines of text on the print is available. Larger formats (A2-A0) are printed on 190gsm uncoated stock for a beautiful finish. Printed on high quality 350gsm uncoated art paper for an artist-quality look and feel. Our high quality city map art print of Mashhad, Iran with stylised text and white border.
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